The United Kingdom is a country as well as sovereign state, which located in west Northern Europe. The Atlantic Ocean, and its ancillary bodies of water, including the North Sea, the English Channel, the Celtic Sea and the Irish Sea, surrounds it. Moreover, the Channel Tunnel joined the country with France, and Northern Ireland shares a land border with the Republic of Ireland. London is the capital of the U.K. the official name of U.K. is the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. The U.K. is a political union, which made up of four constituent countries like England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland. The U.K. also includes some overseas territories, such as Bermuda, Gibraltar, Montserrat, and Saint Helena.

The U.K. is a highly developed country. It has very large economy, which ranked fifth in the world GDP was approximately $2.201 trillion, it is the third most populous country in the European Union with a population of 60.2 million. It is a member of the G8 and a founding member of the NATO and the UN. The U.K. is also one of the world's major nuclear powers.

Today's United Kingdom was established before 300 years. The Kingdome of Scotland and the kingdom of England had existed as separate states with their own monarchs and political structures since the 9th century. In 1284, the independent Principality of Wales fell under the control of English monarchs, so it became a part of the kingdom of England by the Laws in Wales Act 1535. According to the Act of Union 1707, the independent states of England and Scotland, having been in personal union since 1603, agreed to a political union as the kingdom of Great Britain.

The kingdom of Great Britain was joined with the kingdom of Ireland by the Act of Union 1800, and under the English control, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland established. Independence for the Republic of Ireland in 1922 brought the partition of the island of Ireland, with 6 of the 9 counties of the province of Ulster remaining within the UK, which then changed to the current name in 1927.

The UK is a highly developed country of the 19th century. It has a highly industrialized economy. So it is called that the UK is a nation who "created the modern world." It plays a tremendous role in developing Western ideas of property, capitalism and parliamentary democracy. It is advance in literature, science and technology. British Empire successfully stretched over one quarter of the earth's surface and due to its population, it become the largest empire in history. During the first half of the 20th century, due to the first and second world wars, the U.K. faced many problems and its strength decreased. But during the second half of the 20th century, the UK rebuilds itself into a modern and prosperous nation. In 1973, UK became a member of the EU. Moreover it is also a member of the G8, and a founding member of NATO and the UN.

The UK is the fifth largest economy in the world, the second largest in Europe after Germany and the sixth-largest overall by purchasing power parity exchange rates. The British economy is based on the principles of liberalization, the free market, and common law relating to property and low taxation and regulation. The British were the first in the world to enter the Industrial revolution and concentrate on heavy industries like shipbuilding, cool mining, steel production and textiles. During the 19th century, the British economy established an overseas market for its products. But as other countries, industrialized and surplus labor from agriculture began to dry up; the UK started to lose its economic gain. So during the 20th century, the British economy gave more concentration on service sector than industries. As a result, the service sector has been grown up and contributes about 73% in GDP.

UK does not have an official language, but English is its predominant language, which is widely spoken. English is a West Germanic language. Due to the British Empire, the English language has spread to all corners of the world. Moreover English is called as a "global language". It is taught as a second language in most of the countries. The other main indigenous languages are divided into two parts:
· The P-Celtic languages, that includes Welsh and the Cornish language.
· The Q-Celtic languages, which includes Irish and Scottish Gaelic language.
The Celtic language is mostly spoken in Scotland. Approximately 80,000 Scots speak Scottish Gaelic, which is a type of Celtic language while Walsh is widely spoken in northern and western Wales. Moreover recent immigrants from the common wealth speak many different languages like Gujarati, Hindi Punjabi, Urdu, Bengali, Cantonese, Turkish and Polish.