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Serbia is located in southeastern Europe on the Balkan Peninsula. Serbia is surrounded by Hungary to the north, Romania and Bulgaria to the east, the Republic of Macedonia and Albania to the south, and Montenegro, Croatia and Republic Srpska to the west. Serbia was formed as an autonomous state between 1804 and 1815. it gained it formal independence in 1878. Belgrade is the capital as well as the largest city of Serbia. Serbia officially proclaimed its independence on 5th of June 2006 as the successor state to the state Union of Serbia and Montenegro.
| Country Name : | Serbia |
| Capital : | Belgrade |
| Largest City : | Belgrade |
| Official Language : | Serbian |
| Government : | Republic |
| President : | Boris Tadic |
| Prime Minister : | Vojislav Kostunica |
| Area : | 88,361 kmē |
| Area Rank : | 113th |
| Population : | 9,778,991 |
| Population Rank : | 80th |
| Density : | 106/kmē |
| Density Rank : | 94th |
| GDP Total : | $44.66 billion |
| GDP Total Rank : | 80th |
| GDP per Capita : | $5,348 |
| GDP per Capita Rank : | 101th |
| Currency : | Dinar |
| Time Zone : | CET (UTC+1) |
| Internet TLD : | .yu |
| Calling Code : | +381 |
| Geographic Coordinates : | 44 00 N, 21 00 E |
| Railways : | 4,135 km |
| Highways : | 37,887 km |
| Waterways : | 587 km |
| Internet Users : | 1.4 million |
| Radio Users : | |
| Mobile Users : | 4,729,600 |
| Telephone Users : | 2,685,400 |
| Population Growth : | |
| Birth Rate : | |
| Death Rate : | |
| Airport : | 39 |
Description :
Three equal horizontal stripes of red (top), blue, and white; charged with the coat of arms of Serbia shifted slightly to the hoist side.
Pre-history and Medieval Serbia: - The roots of Serbian state spread in the House of Vlastimirovic from the 7th century. A Serbian kingdom was formed in the 11th century and ended in the 12th century.
The medieval Serbian state was re-established in the Raska region in the 12th century by the Serbian Grand Zupan Stefan Nemanja. In 1220, under the rule of Stefan the First Crowned, Serbia became a kingdom and in 1346, Stefan Dusan formed the Serbian Empire. In 1389, The Serbian Empire falls down, after the battle of Kosovo in 1389.
Ottoman Serbia: - After the fall of Serbian Empire in Battle of Kosovo, Serbia was under the Ottoman Occupation. During this time, Islam religion was really expanded, mostly in Raska, Kosovo and Bosnia. Many Serbs converted to Islam.
Modern Serbia: - The First Serbian Uprising of 1804-1813, led by Dorde Petrovic and the Second Serbian Uprising of 1815 resulted in the establishment of the Principality of Serbia. It was semi-independent from the Ottoman Empire, so it was called as the formation of modern Serbia. The House of Obrenovic ruled over the Serbian state during 1815 to 1903, but in 1903, the House of Karadordevic replaced the House of Obrenovic.
The struggle for a modern society, human rights and a nation-state contemned almost three decades and was completed with the adoption of the constitution on 15th Feb 1835. in 1876, Montenegro, Serbia and Bosnia declared war against the Ottoman Empire and proclaimed their unification. The treaty of Berlin was occurred in 1878, which was signed at the Congress of Berlin by the Great Powers, granted complete independence only to Serbia and Montenegro except Bosnia and Raska to Austria - Hungary.
Between the wars: - After 1918, Serbia and Montenegro became a founding member of the kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes later known as the kingdom of Yugoslavia. During the Second World War Serbia was a German-occupied puppet state that included Central Serbia and Banat, popularly called Nedic's Serbia.
Post WWII: - In 1945, Serbia was formed as one of the federal units of the second Yugoslavia, the Socialist Federative Republic of Yugoslavia, which was ruled by Josip Broz Tito until his death in 1980.
After the fall of the second Yugoslavia in 1992 to 2003, Serbia with Montenegro was part of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. Though there were civil wars occurred in neighboring countries like Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Serbia remained peaceful until 1998, when the clashes with KLA until 1998, when the clashes with KLA started in Kosovo.
During 1998 to 1999 continued clashes in kosovo between Serbian and Yugoslav security forces and K.L.A. propted a NATO aerial bombardment, which was continued for 78 days. The attacks were stopped when Yugoslav president Slobodan Milosevic agreed to remove all security forces.
From 2003 to 2006, Serbia was part of the State Union of Serbia and Montenegro, into which the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia had been transformed. After Montenegro voted to leave the State Union, Serbia officially proclaimed its independence on 5th of June 2006.
Serbia is one of Europe's most culturally diverse countries. The Orthodox Church had a major influence on the early development of the arts of Serbia. The Byzantine Empires influence on Serbia was the greatest. Serbs are Orthodox Christians, not Roman Catholics, with their own national church, which is the Serb Orthodox Church.
Education: - the Serbian Ministry of Education and Sports regulates Education in Serbia. Education starts in either pre-schools or elementary schools. Children enroll in elementary schools at age of 7 and it lasts for eight years.
Literature: - Serbia was one of the first countries in the Balkans to win freedom from the Ottoman Empire. The Serbian and Montenegrin nationalist movements in the 19th century inspired the first major works of literature. In the 19th century, Serbian philologist Vuk karadzic collected and published folk songs, epics and other elements of Serbian oral traditions, which became famous in Europe.
The first Serbian novels appeared in the 19th century. Ivo Andric was a Yugoslav novelist, who wrote 'The Bridge' on the Drina and he also won Nobel Prize in literature in 1961. Other writer Andric's works are still regarded as classics of Yugoslav literature. The Bice President of Yugoslavia in the 1950s began to criticize the communist system so he was jailed for some years. His 'The New Class' is one of the most powerful critiques. Dobrica Cosic's 'A Time of Death' achieved great international fame. One other writer Milorad Povic's Dictionary of the 'Khazars' was also very famous and became an international bestseller.
Music and Film: Serbia has lively contemporary music industries. In Serbian rural areas, people like neofolk music, which is also popular in workers. Serbian rock groups are popular and creative. After 1990 many rock musicians became active in protests against the wars and the Serbian government.
Yugoslav films production is the best and highly regarded internationally. Director Emir Kusturica earned an Academy Award nomination for est foreign film for when Father was Away on Business. He also won many other awards for his film, Time of the Gypsies. Kustarica won international awards for his films like Underground, White Cat, Black Cat.
Location: - Serbia is located in the Balkans and in the Pannonian Plain. It is surrounded by Hungary to the north Romania and Bulgaria to the east, the Republic of Macedonia and Albania to the south and Montenegro, Croatia and Republika Srpska to the west.
Territory: - Serbia's terrain ranges from the rich, fertile plains of the northern Bojvodina region, lime stone ranges and basins in the east and in the southeast, ancient mountains and hills. While its north side has the Dambe River, a tributary and the Morava River.
Area: - The total area of Serbia is about 88,361 sq. km.
Population: - According to the 2006 estimate, the total population of Serbia is about 97,78,991 and its population density is about 106.34 persons per sq. km.
Major Cities: - Kosovo, Metohija, Beograd, Novi Sad, Pristina, Nis, Kragujevae, Prizren and Subotica are major cities of Serbia.
National Parks: - Serbia has five national parks such as, Fruska Gora, Kopaonik, Tara, Derdap and Sar-planina.
Capital: - Belgrade is the capital as well as the largest city of Serbia.
Climate: - Serbia has varid climate among its different regions. In north, it has a continental climate, with cold winters and hot, humid summers; moreover it has well distributed rainfall platforms.
While, in south, it has Adriatic climate, with dry summers and autumns and cold winters with heavy snowfall.
Serbian dinars per US dollar - 58.6925
| 1.00 - (Serbia ) | = | USD - (United States Dollars) |
| 1.00 USD - (United States Dollars) | = | - (Serbia ) |
| Unit | Currency Name | USD/Unit | Unit/USD |
According to the 2005 estimate, Serbia's GDP is about $43.46 billion and its per capita income is about $5,203.
Serbia's real GDP growth rate is about 5.9%, its industrial production growth rate was 7.1% in 2004 and 1.3% in 2005.
Weak Points: - Serbian economy has also some weak points such as, unemployment rate and inflation. As per 2005 statistics, Serbia's unemployment rate was about 20% and it has about 15.5% of inflation.
Foreign debt: - Serbia has about $15.43 billion, foreign debt.
Currency: - Dinar is Serbia's currency.
Population: - According to the 2006 estimate, Serbia's total population is about 97,78,991 and its population density is about 106.34 persons per sq. km.
Ethnic Groups: - Serbia's main ethnic group is Serbs. Other minorities are Albanians, Hungarians, Bosniaks, Roma, Croats, Slovaks, Bulgarians, and Romanians. Among them, Serbia consists of three territories:-
· The province of Kosovo and Methohia
· The province of Vojvodina
· Central Serbia
The demographic projections of the future population of Serbia predict that in 2030, the population of sErbia would be composed of 72,00,000 Albanians and 63,00,000 Serbs. The projections are based on the fact that ethnic Albanian population in Serbia increases double every twenty years, while ethnic Serb population rest on a number of approximately 60,00,000.
Religion: - Serbs and Montenegrins are by tradition Orthodox Christians. Muslim Slavs fellow Muslim religion. Moreover, most Albanians are also Sunni Muslims while some Albanians are also Orthodox Christians and some Albanians follow Roman Catholic religion.
Serbs and Montenegrins speak Serbo-Croatian and traditionally use the Cyrillic alphabet Serbs and Montenegrins speak different variants of Serbo-Croatian.
Muslim Slavs speak Serbo-Croatian but prefer to write it with the Latin alphabet.
Ethnic Albanians speak Albanian, which is written with the Latin alphabet. Hungarians speak Hungarian language as well as Serbo-Croatian.
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